Apj Abdul Kalam Biography In Gujarati.pdf
ડ. એ.પ.જે. અબ્દુલ કલમ નું જવનચરત્ર
ડ. એ.પ.જે. અબ્દુલ કલમ (Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam) ભરતન ૧૧મ રષ્ટ્રપત હત, જે ૨૦૦૨ થ ૨૦૦૭ સુધ આ પદ સુશભત કર્ય. તે એક પ્રખ્યત વૈજ્ઞનક, શkshak, લેkshak, લેkhak, અanveshak, ane prernasrot hata. Tene Bharatna antariksh ane missile vikas prakalpo ma mahatvapurn yogdan aapyo, jena karane tene 'Missile Man of India' tarike olkhayu hatu. Tene Bharatna paramanu shakti ane suraksha mate ghanu karyu ane 1998 ma Pokhran ma thayela paramanu parikshano ma mahattvani bhumika bhajavi hati. Tene Bharatna sarvochch sanman Bharat Ratna sivay ghanaj puraskaro ane sammano prapt karya hata.
Early Life and Education
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October 1931 in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, in a Tamil Muslim family. His father Jainulabdeen was a boat owner and a local mosque imam, and his mother Ashiamma was a housewife. His father taught him honesty and self-discipline, and his mother taught him faith in God and compassion. He was the youngest of four brothers and one sister.
Apj Abdul Kalam Biography In Gujarati.pdf
His family was poor, so he had to work from an early age to support his father. As a child, he used to sell newspapers after school to earn some money. He was curious about the mysteries of the sky and the flying birds. He was also influenced by his teachers during his school days. He had a special bond with his high school teacher Iyadurai Solomon, who recognized the potential, abilities and strength in his students, and encouraged them to pursue their dreams.
He completed his school education at Schwartz Matriculation School in Ramanathapuram, and then joined St. Joseph's College in Tiruchirappalli, where he graduated in physics in 1954. After that, he went to Madras (now Chennai), where he studied aerospace engineering at Madras Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1955. He completed his engineering degree from MIT in 1960.
Scientific Career
After completing his engineering degree from MIT, Kalam joined as a scientist at Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) in 1960. He worked on the design and development of hovercrafts at DRDO. In 1969, he was transferred to Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), where he became the project director of India's first Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III), which successfully deployed the Rohini satellite in orbit in 1980.
Kalam also played a key role in the development of India's ballistic missile and nuclear weapons programs. He was the chief executive of Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP), which developed missiles like Agni and Prithvi. He was also involved in the Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998, which made India a nuclear weapon state.
Kalam received many awards and honors for his scientific contributions, including the Padma Shri in 1981, the Padma Vibhushan in 1990, and the Bharat Ratna in 1997.
Presidential Career
In 2002, Kalam was nominated for the post of President of India by the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the opposition Indian National Congress (INC). He won the presidential election with a landslide margin, and became the 11th President of India on 25 July 2002. He was the first scientist and bachelor to occupy the Rashtrapati Bhavan.
As President, Kalam was known for his unconventional and innovative style of working. He was popularly called the 'People's President', as he reached out to the masses, especially the youth and the children, and inspired them with his vision and values. He also advocated for the development of science and technology, rural upliftment, education and social welfare. He visited many countries and established cordial relations with them.
Kalam completed his term as President on 25 July 2007, and was succeeded by Pratibha Patil. He did not contest for a second term, as he wanted to return to his academic and scientific pursuits.
Post-Presidential Life
After leaving the office of President, Kalam remained active in the fields of education, writing and public service. He taught at various universities and institutions, such as Anna University, Indian Institute of Management, Banaras Hindu University, and Indian Institute of Science. He also wrote several books, such as Wings of Fire, Ignited Minds, India 2020, Indomitable Spirit, and The Luminous Sparks.
Kalam continued to inspire millions of people with his speeches, lectures, and interactions. He also received many honorary doctorates and awards from various universities and organizations around the world. He was also nominated for the MTV Youth Icon of the Year award in 2003 and 2006.
Death
Kalam died on 27 July 2015 at the age of 83, due to a cardiac arrest while delivering a lecture at Indian Institute of Management in Shillong, Meghalaya. His death was mourned by the nation and the world, as he was regarded as one of the most respected and beloved leaders of India. His body was flown to his hometown Rameswaram, where he was buried with full state honors in the presence of thousands of people, including national dignitaries.
Legacy
Kalam left behind a legacy of excellence, innovation, patriotism, and humanity. He is remembered as a visionary leader, a brilliant scientist, a passionate teacher, a prolific writer, a humble human being, and a source of inspiration for many. His life story is an example of how one can overcome all odds and achieve one's dreams with hard work, dedication, and faith.
Kalam's birthday, 15 October, is celebrated as World Students' Day by the United Nations. The Government of India also declared it as National Innovation Day. Several institutions, awards, scholarships, and programs have been named after him or in his honor. Some of them are:
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam National Memorial in Rameswaram
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Award by the Government of Tamil Nadu
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam IGNITE Awards by National Innovation Foundation
Kalam-Raju Stent by Dr. Kalam and Dr. Soma Raju
Kalam SAT by Space Kidz India
APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University in Kerala
APJ Abdul Kalam Centre for Policy Research and Analysis in IIM Shillong
APJ Abdul Kalam Library in Delhi Technological University
Wheeler Island in Odisha renamed as Abdul Kalam Island
Asteroid 156238 named as 156238 APJAbdulKalam
Quotes
Kalam was also known for his wise and inspiring quotes, which reflected his thoughts and values. Some of his famous quotes are:
"Dream, dream, dream. Dreams transform into thoughts and thoughts result in action."
"You have to dream before your dreams can come true."
"Man needs difficulties in life because they are necessary to enjoy the success."
"If you want to shine like a sun, first burn like a sun."
"Don't take rest after your first victory because if you fail in second, more lips are waiting to say that your first victory was just luck."
"All of us do not have equal talent. But, all of us have an equal opportunity to develop our talents."
"Failure will never overtake me if my definition to succeed is strong enough."
"You cannot change your future, but you can change your habits, and surely your habits will change your future."
Books
Kalam was also a prolific writer, who authored or co-authored more than 20 books on various topics, such as science, technology, spirituality, leadership, and education. Some of his popular books are:
Wings of Fire: An autobiography of Kalam, co-written with Arun Tiwari, which narrates his journey from a humble background to becoming a renowned scientist and the President of India. It also describes his vision for India's development and his role in various projects and missions.
Ignited Minds: A book that explores the challenges and opportunities for India in the 21st century, and urges the youth to unleash their potential and creativity to transform the nation. It also shares some of Kalam's experiences and interactions with people from different walks of life.
India 2020: A book that outlines a vision for India to become a developed nation by the year 2020, co-written with Y.S. Rajan. It identifies the key areas of growth and development, such as agriculture, education, health, infrastructure, energy, and technology, and suggests strategies and policies to achieve them.
Indomitable Spirit: A book that reflects on Kalam's values and beliefs, and inspires the readers to overcome the difficulties and adversities in life with courage and confidence. It also contains some of his speeches and messages to various sections of society.
The Luminous Sparks: A collection of Kalam's poems, which express his thoughts and emotions on various themes, such as love, nature, spirituality, patriotism, and humanity. It also includes some of his paintings and sketches.
Trivia
Here are some interesting facts and trivia about Kalam:
Kalam was fond of playing the veena, a musical instrument, and learned it from his friend and teacher, Shivaprakasham.
Kalam was a vegetarian and loved to eat simple food, such as rice, sambar, and curd. He also liked to eat fruits, especially bananas and guavas.
Kalam was an avid reader and had a collection of more than 2,500 books in his personal library. He also enjoyed writing and reading poetry.
Kalam was a fan of Tamil poet Thiruvalluvar and often quoted his verses in his speeches and writings. He also admired Ma